Bernard Buffet was arguably one of the most controversial artists of the French 20th century. In the 1950s he became instantly famous with his linear melancholic (self) portraits, still lifes and Parisian cityscapes, which were in line with the then popular philosophy of existentialism. He grew into one of the most successful painters of his time. He also had opponents who reproached him for stubbornly clinging to figuration in the second half of the 20th century. Despite this, his work is embraced by collectors worldwide. Buffet learned to paint and draw at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts in Paris and also worked as a designer and illustrator.